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Saturday, June 7, 2025 7:59:10 PM

Recommended Single Phase VFD for Lathe Motor

3 months ago
#346 Quote
Hello! I would like to use one of a single phase to single phase VFD drives for my lathe motor.
My lathe motor is 1.5 HP (1.1 kW) single phase. From the photos, it appears to have a single 400 uF capacitor. It does have a centrifugal switch because I can hear this operate. There are 3 wires (plus earth wire) from the reversing switch to the motor.
Most of the time the lathe is used for winding small coils of wire, which requires very little torque from the motor. Occasionally I use it as a metal cutting lathe, but again, I do not work the motor hard. High starting torque is not required, just enough to get the lathe chuck spinning.
The reason I want electronic speed control is for coil winding. As standard, the maximum chuck speed is only 1200 RPM, which is too slow for winding coils with many thousands of turns of fine wire. I would like to be able to run the motor up to twice the rated speed of 1440 RPM, but the torque requirement is very low.
Is there a 1.5 kW single-phase to single-phase VFD units suitable? By what factor would I be able to increase motor RPM above standard, under essentially no load? Is there a circuit for how I would electrically connect this motor? Would this motor have to start windings that are operated by the centrifugal switch? If so, would the starting winding be used with this VFD unit?
0
3 months ago
#347 Quote
David wrote:
Hello! I would like to use one of a single phase to single phase VFD drives for my lathe motor.
My lathe motor is 1.5 HP (1.1 kW) single phase. From the photos, it appears to have a single 400 uF capacitor. It does have a centrifugal switch because I can hear this operate. There are 3 wires (plus earth wire) from the reversing switch to the motor.
Most of the time the lathe is used for winding small coils of wire, which requires very little torque from the motor. Occasionally I use it as a metal cutting lathe, but again, I do not work the motor hard. High starting torque is not required, just enough to get the lathe chuck spinning.
The reason I want electronic speed control is for coil winding. As standard, the maximum chuck speed is only 1200 RPM, which is too slow for winding coils with many thousands of turns of fine wire. I would like to be able to run the motor up to twice the rated speed of 1440 RPM, but the torque requirement is very low.
Is there a 1.5 kW single-phase to single-phase VFD units suitable? By what factor would I be able to increase motor RPM above standard, under essentially no load? Is there a circuit for how I would electrically connect this motor? Would this motor have to start windings that are operated by the centrifugal switch? If so, would the starting winding be used with this VFD unit?

Hi, David, our 1.5 kW single-phase to single-phase VFD (GK3000-1S0015) is suitable for your 1.5 HP single-phase motor, if the starting torque of this motor is small.
When the motor runs with no load and the operating frequency reaches 60Hz, the maximum speed of the motor can reach 1420rpm. But note that your single-phase motor cannot run at low frequency and low speed for a long time (can't lower than 45Hz), otherwise, the motor may be separated from the centrifugal switch and heat up.
Regarding wiring, your single-phase motor can keep the capacitor and start winding, and directly connect the 2 power wires of the single-phase motor to the output terminals U, W, or U, V of the VFD. Please refer to page 43 of the manual for wiring of single-phase motors. See on: https://www.ato.com/Content/doc/ato-gk3000-series-vfd-user-manual.pdf
0
ATO.com
3 months ago
#348 Quote
ATO wrote:
Hi, David, our 1.5 kW single-phase to single-phase VFD (GK3000-1S0015) is suitable for your 1.5 HP single-phase motor, if the starting torque of this motor is small.
When the motor runs with no load and the operating frequency reaches 60Hz, the maximum speed of the motor can reach 1420rpm. But note that your single-phase motor cannot run at low frequency and low speed for a long time (can't lower than 45Hz), otherwise, the motor may be separated from the centrifugal switch and heat up.
Regarding wiring, your single-phase motor can keep the capacitor and start winding, and directly connect the 2 power wires of the single-phase motor to the output terminals U, W, or U, V of the VFD. Please refer to page 43 of the manual for wiring of single-phase motors. See on: https://www.ato.com/Content/doc/ato-gk3000-series-vfd-user-manual.pdf

Thanks for your reply. I have a few more questions.
(a) Using your suggested, very simple connection method, how fast will I be able to run the motor, at low torque? Our mains here is 50 Hz. Will I be able to run it at 100 Hz, or 200 Hz, or what will be the upper limit?
(b) The connection method that you suggest is extremely simple. I leave the capacitor and centrifugal switch and connect 2 of the inverter output wires to where the mains power would normally connect. Is this correct?
(c) How many windings does this motor have? Does it have 2 windings, a main winding, and a starting winding, or does it have a main winding, a deputy winding, and a starting winding?
(d) If I am prepared to remove the capacitor and the centrifugal switch, make a direct connection to the windings, and presumably use all 3 of the inverter output wires, then can I get better motor performance than the simple connection that you suggested where the capacitor and centrifugal switch are left in the circuit? Would I get more starting torque? Would I be able to run the motor at speeds below 45 Hz?
(e) Can you point me to a circuit for my motor, showing all the windings, the capacitor, and the centrifugal switch? I have an electrical/electronic background and am quite capable of understanding this stuff if I have the information.
(f) You say "But note that your single-phase motor cannot run at low frequency and low speed for a long time (can't lower than 45Hz), otherwise, the motor may be separated from the centrifugal switch and heat up."
But at low motor speed, the motor will not be "separated" from the starting winding by way of the centrifugal switch but will be connected to the starter winding by the centrifugal switch. Yes?
0
3 months ago
#349 Quote
David wrote:
Thanks for your reply. I have a few more questions.
(a) Using your suggested, very simple connection method, how fast will I be able to run the motor, at low torque? Our mains here is 50 Hz. Will I be able to run it at 100 Hz, or 200 Hz, or what will be the upper limit?
(b) The connection method that you suggest is extremely simple. I leave the capacitor and centrifugal switch and connect 2 of the inverter output wires to where the mains power would normally connect. Is this correct?
(c) How many windings does this motor have? Does it have 2 windings, a main winding, and a starting winding, or does it have a main winding, a deputy winding, and a starting winding?
(d) If I am prepared to remove the capacitor and the centrifugal switch, make a direct connection to the windings, and presumably use all 3 of the inverter output wires, then can I get better motor performance than the simple connection that you suggested where the capacitor and centrifugal switch are left in the circuit? Would I get more starting torque? Would I be able to run the motor at speeds below 45 Hz?
(e) Can you point me to a circuit for my motor, showing all the windings, the capacitor, and the centrifugal switch? I have an electrical/electronic background and am quite capable of understanding this stuff if I have the information.
(f) You say "But note that your single-phase motor cannot run at low frequency and low speed for a long time (can't lower than 45Hz), otherwise, the motor may be separated from the centrifugal switch and heat up."
But at low motor speed, the motor will not be "separated" from the starting winding by way of the centrifugal switch but will be connected to the starter winding by the centrifugal switch. Yes?

1. The motor cannot be run at a frequency of 100 Hz or 200 Hz, and the motor frequency is usually only 50/60HZ. But the acceleration and deceleration running time can be adjusted.
2. Yes, the motor can leave the capacitor and centrifugal switch and connect 2 of the inverter output wires to where the mains power would normally connect.
3. How many windings does the motor have, which needs to be based on the wiring schematic diagram of the motor.
4. If you are going to run the motor at low speed, you can remove the capacitor and centrifugal switch as per the motor wiring schematic and probably use all 3 outgoing lines to change the wiring way of single phase motor to a three-phase motor wiring way.
5. Yes, the single-phase motor is connected to the starting winding through a centrifugal switch when running at low frequency and low speed. But in this case, the capacitor will heat up when it runs for a long time.
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ATO.com